William Shakespeare s Hamlet, The Most Famous Being...

Several emotions engulf Shakespeare’s Hamlet throughout the play, the most famous being Hamlet’s own emotional state. His madness, triggered by his incestuous uncle, has led several scholars to explore the psychological causes of his madness. This research into Hamlet’s madness will explore his madness in comparison to other characters, the psychoanalytical studies behind his madness, and defining whether his madness is genuine or another play within the play. His mother and his uncle have married after only 2 months of Hamlet’s father’s death. This has caused Hamlet to be in a heavy state of anger, mixed with his already deep state of mourning. According to Theodore Lidz, these two states can lead to one thinking back on all the negative wishes one may have had in the past. Considering Hamlet’s relatively young age, death wishes upon a parent are not serious but they are common among children. â€Å"†¦and as most, if not all, children have sometimes had death wishes toward a parent, guilt over such wishes can become intense when the parent dies.† (Lidz 48) All of these emotions mixed together so early in the play could lead to a sense of depression. Hamlet’s madness is eerily similar to Ophelia’s, which may give Hamlet’s madness credibility. â€Å"Shakespeare,† according to Lidz, â€Å"carefully places Ophelia’s madness in apposition to Hamlet’s, illuminating the causes of each by making Ophelia’s plight the female counterpart of Hamlet’s dilemma.† (Lidz 88) Ophelia, throughout the play,Show MoreRelatedHamlet : William Shakespeare s Hamlet1259 Words   |  6 PagesOmar Sancho Professor Christopher Cook English 201-0810 Hamlet Paper 23 May 2016 Hamlet Character Analysis â€Å"There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.†(Act 2, Scene 2, 239-251) Hamlet by William Shakespeare is one of the most famous plays written that conveys a multitude theme. But most predominant is the presence of Hamlet s obsession with philosophy of life, throughout the play Hamlet philosophy reviles his point of view love, loyalty, the importance of family and friendsRead MoreHamlet, Prince Of Denmark1869 Words   |  8 Pages ABSTRACT I, with all my interest and will decided to do my term paper on one of the most controversial yet diversely analysed work of literature that is Hamlet, Prince of Denmark written by the ever greatest man in history of English literature, William Shakespeare.The aura of this play is not at all questionable. The essence it captures down throughout every single scene and dialogues is undeniably recommendable. But in spite of these the playRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare : The Greatest Playwright Of All Times1845 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all times but one of the most famous English writers. Not only was he a talented playwright but he lived a very pivotal life; some say it s due to his 37 plays and 154 sonnets credited to him. His remarkable talent with the English language has inspired many writers and playwrights. However, over the years there has been much speculation about Shakespeare s life regarding his religious affiliation, sexual orientation, sources of collaborationRead MoreHamlets Soliloquy - to Be, or Not to Be2355 Words   |  10 PagesHamlet s Soliloquy - To be, or not to be Hamlet s To be, or not to be soliloquy is arguably the most famous soliloquy in the history of the theatre. Even today, 400 years after it was written, most people are vaguely familiar with the soliloquy even though they may not know the play. What gives these 34 lines such universal appeal and recognition? What about Hamlet s introspection has prompted scholars and theatregoers alike to ask questions about their own existence over the centuries?Read MoreThe Tragic Flaw Of Shakespeare s Hamlet1734 Words   |  7 PagesLogic in Hamlet Logic is man s most valuable asset; it is what pushed humanity past other species and helped develop humankind into what it is today. Without such logic and reasoning, humanity would not have evolved into the strongest and most powerful beings alive. It is what has enabled us to dominate the world, create civilization, unlock the secrets of the universe through math and science and reveal the true nature of man through art. One of art’s most beloved benefactors, William ShakespeareRead MoreThe Role Of Hamlet Developed Through English And Russian Theatre?2871 Words   |  12 PagesHow has the character of Hamlet developed through English and Russian Theatre? Hamlet, the main character from one of the most famous Shakespeare s plays The Tragical Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke, is one of the most popular and well-known characters around the world (it is very difficult to find a person who hasn’t heard about him). William Shakespeare created an epic story about a young man, his way to revenge and his internal spiritual fight with his soul full of melancholy. The depthRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Death Of The English Language1891 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare was thought to be born in Stratford in 1564. (cite) He was one of eight children and was born into a well-known and highly respected family. In the year of 1592 Shakespeare’s career began to take off. Shakespeare has written histories, comedies, tragedies, poems and tragic comedies. He has been distinguished as one of the first professional writers and the second most quoted after the holy bible. He is an influential artist and a play writer. He has w ritten 37 plays and 154 sonnetsRead More Love and Sexuality in Hamlet Essay2162 Words   |  9 PagesThe aim of this paper is to analyze the themes of love and sexuality in one of Shakespeares most famous plays, Hamlet. As a playwright, Shakespeare depicted human nature profoundly, therefore, in Hamlet we may find as many kinds of love as the number of relationships that are described and intermingled. There is romantic love, paternal and maternal love, and friendship, which is love among people of the same rank, class or sex. The love present in some of these relationships is sometimes connectedRead MoreA Streetcar Named Desire And Hamlet Essay1761 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"She married. O, most wicked speed, to post, It is not, nor it cannot come to good. But break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue† (Shakespeare 1.2.62-63). The play â€Å"Hamlet† by Shakespeare and one of Tennessee Williams famous book called â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† are very si milar. Both of these works go along perfectly with W.E.B. Du Bois’s short story â€Å"The Comet.† In â€Å"Hamlet† and â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† these plays contain a tragic genre, characterization in main characters, and relationshipsRead Moreshakespeare influences16068 Words   |  65 Pagesï » ¿ RESEARCH TOPIC An Analytic Review Of Shakespearean Influence On Faulkner s Tragedy RESEARCH QUESTION How Shakespeare tragic patterns influenced on William Faulkner s writings? NAME: SYEDA AMBREEN FATIMA FATHER’S NAME: SYED HASAN AKHTER SEAT NO: 1315793 ENROLMENT NO: 2013/ENG/M.A(LIT)/15681 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 28TH NOV 2013 SUBMITTED TO: MISS SAMREEN

Great Gatsby Corruption Free Essays

Possibly one of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s most astonishing work, The Great Gatsby is not just a magnificent story, but an insightful lesson of society’s flaws during the 1920’s. Fitzgerald’s novel creates an atmosphere of superficiality, dissatisfaction and dishonesty by the depictive illustration of each character’s defect. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Gatsby Corruption or any similar topic only for you Order Now With economical growth, the immoral society of the twenties ultimately brought corruption to the American Dream of achieving prosperity. At the end of the first chapter, the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock is introduced, the symbol for hope and a promising future for the Great Gatsby. In the second chapter however, the reader is presented with the, â€Å"†¦ valley of ashes†¦ where ashes take the form of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and finally†¦ of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† . The valley of ashes can be interpreted as the superficial and dirt-filled materialistic world that the characters live in. The author’s great use of imagery helps accentuate the setting and the crumbling foundation of society. In Fitzgerald’s novel, Gatsby is labeled as â€Å"new money†. Having come from no wealthy background, and building his fortunes early in life, Gatsby nearly fulfills all the aspects of the American Dream with hard work, courage and determination but comes short by not achieving satisfaction from prosperity. Money was the critical reagent to Gatsby’s corruption that unfolds when he describes Daisy. â€Å"Her voice is full of money† . Often identified as a symbol of wealth, Daisy was Gatsby’s main goal. Gatsby had an enormous need to impress Daisy with his riches; his tainted mind could only offer what he had acquired all these years, money. How to cite Great Gatsby Corruption, Essay examples

Embedding Cyber Resilience Company Culture †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Embedding Cyber Resilience Company Culture. Answer: Introduction: Every individual and organization transforms their ability through technology for collecting, analyzing, and using the information in a better way. Numbers of historical barriers are removed by the integrated networks and internet, for the purpose of sharing the information in productive manner and use the technology for revolutionize our economic and personal lives. This concept results in cyber eco system, and it includes community related to interacting devices, peoples, organizations, networks, technology for providing support to these interactions. The main aim of this system is to transform the use of technology by organizations for the purpose of increasing their benefits. It must be noted that organizations while using this system also developed cyber resilience. Cyber resilience is considered as, ability of organization to powerfully resist, reacts, and recovers the threats related to cyber security and reshaping the environment for ensuring secure and sustainable cyber operations (Dhillon, 2015). Organizations which are cyber resilient do not only rely on traditional technology solutions and methodologies for achieving their goals. They ensure exceptional resilience leadership, culture, networks and change readiness for the purpose of creating sustainable advantage over their competitors, cyber criminals, and others. Cyber criminals are those criminals who have various resources and they will use any situations for achieving their goals, such as natural disasters or any other temporary disruptions. It is necessary for organizations to understand how these sources are varied. This report does not answer the question why it is necessary for organizations to be resilient but instead of this report answers how this sustainability related to resilient operations can be achieved. Organizations must consider the way through which they can achieve their goals and also manage the cyber resilience. Cyber-attacks are not easy to handle and there are no simple solutions related to these attacks. It is necessary for organizations to manage these cyber related issues foe ensuring long term existence and reputation of the business (EY, 2014). About information Resilience: In the present world, it is necessary for the organization to safeguard their sensitive information. A resilient organization must manage its information related to physical, digital and intellectual property throughout its complete process that is from source to destruction. Organization can ensure this by adopting the practices which are information security-minded and which allowed the stakeholders to collect, access, store, and use the information in securely and effective manner. Information is considered as the key which maintains the trust and transparency throughout the supply chain, and it is also considered as essential element which manages the performance of the organization and enhances the quality of the end product. Business productivity was greatly boosted by the digitalization but it also introduces various security threats in the organization such as computer-assisted fraud, espionage, and sabotage and cyber vandalism. However, these threats are not external but generate from internal practices of the organization. Use of cloud computing and outsourcing the personal and business data is the actual reason which increases this problem. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations to collect, use, and stores the information in appropriate manner and protects its integrity with the robust information security management systems. It becomes compulsory for organizations to create trust between them and their consumers, that information system of the or ganization is run securely and adequate measure are taken to protect the sensitive data. Best practice in organizations ensures information security in their practices and ensures rapid and effective decision making in safe environment. This can be understood through example ISO 27001 is used by Capgemini, a global leader organization in consulting, technology, outsourcing and local professional services for the purpose of increasing its cyber resilience. By adopting this standard, organization also gets the advantage over its competitors. Comprehensive approach related to information security was adopted by the organization and it also adopts various measures for the purpose of ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the information. Key security drivers adopted by the organization includes potential attacks by computer system hackers and some new threats also such as increase in government regulations and more strong approach from the PIN card industry. In case organization fails to compile with these regulations then there is risk of heavy fines and severe damage to the reputation. Issues related to security also become major concerns for clients of the organization (BSI, n.d.; OECD, 2012). Cyber eco system approach: Cyber resilience mainly focuses on the measures that can be adopted by the organization for increasing its security from both internal and external threats, and on those elements also which collaboratively developed by the organization with its business partners and industry peers. Cyber resilience is considered as primary issue in the Corporate Plan 2015-2016 to 2017-2018, developed by ASIC and authority deals with this issue on priority basis. In Australia, cyber task force is already in operation and collaborating with the industry, regulators and the Government. It must be noted that cyber resilience is considered as fundamental issue in all organizations because it deals with the confidential information. As per the research conducted by industry almost 60% of the customers stop using the products of the company or services if any cyber-attack resulted in security breach. Such things negatively impact the business and profitability of the organization, even though such breach is temporary in nature (ASIC, 2016). It is very important to understand the cyber eco system of the organization for the purpose of managing the risk. It is not like traditional information security in which organization only ensures their security, but now it is important to address the security concerns of their stakeholders also. Next step is Mapping the relationships, which means organization must consider its approach for analyzing its position in the system. It is necessary for organization to understand its external and internal environment for the purpose of determining its crucial information which actually needs protection. In other words, organization can adopt risk based approach under which organization mainly protects its crucial information which is necessary for its survival and growth and not all the information. Organization can established security limit which state the key relationships and guides the organization regarding the organizations and authority from which they can share the information. Security limit actually states the rules, guidelines, and commonly accepted protocols for the purpose of sharing the information between trusted parties. There is one more step under which organization can conduct risk assessment related to cyber security by considering the information assets, dependency of organization on other institutions, threats, etc. (ASIC, 2016). NIST Cyber security Framework: Effective cyber resilience is necessary for developing the appropriate strategies which also includes planning to handle cyber-attack. There are various standards and methodologies which are developed by the Australian government for the purpose of mitigating the cyber risk: ASIC considered that NIST Cyber security Framework is relevant for the regulated population, and especially for financial service providers which operate their business in a global environment. NIST cyber security framework is adopted by critical infrastructure providers in the United States, and it also includes those who are operating in financial services and markets. For financial markets, NIST can become global benchmark. This can be understood through example, US security Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) is encouraging its members to use NIST and it is also supported by Global Financial Markets Association (GFMA). It must be noted that both the American Bankers Association and the American Insurance Association strongly supports this framework. This framework enables the organization to apply or complement the methodologies and standards which exists. In other words, new standards and concepts are not introduced by this framework, but it only considered the existing methodologies and standards related to global security and IT governance (ASIC, 2016). Cyber resilience initiatives in Australia: Australia initiated various processes for the purpose of reviewing and updating their cyber resilience initiatives, and these initiatives mainly focus on improved collaboration between the industry and public-private information sharing. Some on these initiatives are stated below: National plan to combat cybercrime- this national plan was introduced by Australian government in 2013, and it includes the commitments from the commonwealth, state, and territory governments of Australia for the purpose of working together and addressing the threat of cybercrime. Six priority areas are identified by the government under this national plan, and actions of the government for contributing in these areas. This is considered as national response to cybercrime. Six highlighted areas are: Provides education to the community for the purpose of protecting the community. Participates with the industry in solving the issues related to cybercrime. Encouraging intelligence led approach and sharing of information. Increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of government agencies, especially in the area of law enforcement for the purpose of addressing crime. Focus on addressing the issues related to cybercrime at international level and contribute in global efforts to reduce the crime. Ensure effective framework related to criminal justice. ACORN- ACORN was introduced by the Australian government in November 2014. It is the online system which works at national level and allowed the public to report the cybercrime in secure manner. It is considered as important initiative under the national plan which was designed for the purpose of simplifying the method of reporting, and it also develop the better understanding in relation to effect of cybercrime on Australians. ACSC- in November 2014, Government opened ACSC for the purpose of bring the law enforcement, defense, and security capabilities related to cyber security at single window, and it also ensure collaboration between different agencies. Some functions of ACSC are stated below: It responds the issues related to cyber security on behalf of the Australian government. Helps in coordinating the operations and capabilities of national cyber security. Investigate the issues related to cyber threats. ACSC takes steps to encourage the public to report on cyber security incidents. Make reports on extent of cyber threat. Raise awareness related to cyber security. ACSC achieve the above stated targets by collaborate the operations of the following authorities: Cyber security mission of ASDs. CERT in Australia that is national computer emergency response team. Representatives of the Australian Federal Police. Crime commission of Australia, for the purpose of understanding the cyber threat intelligence and encouraging respond options. Specialists of cyber investigations and telecommunication security from the Australian Security Intelligence Organization. Analysts of cyber threat from Defense Intelligence Organization and Defense Science and Technology Organization (AISC, 2015; ASIC, 2016). Recommendations: Following are some recommendations which are given after analyzing the above facts, and can be adopted by the board of directors of the company. These recommendations help the organization in integrating the cyber risk and resilience into the business strategy for the purpose of ensuring growth and profitability of the business. Following are some principals which must be adopted by the Board for ensuring cyber safety in their organization: Board of directors takes the responsibility for oversight the cyber security. It is necessary for board of directors to gain knowledge related to cyber security. It is the duty of board to make sure that any one corporate officer is accountable for the cyber security. Programs related to cyber resilience and risk assessment must be conducted by the management of the board. Board of directors must define the risk tolerance power of the organization. Accountability must be imposed on the management of the company by the board of directors in the matters of cyber security. Inclusion of stakeholders must be encouraged by the board of directors of the organization. In annual report of the organization, Board of directors must address the plans related to cyber resilience. Performance of the board related to enforcement plans of cyber resilience must be reviewed by the board itself. Board of directors must enforce review related to cyber resilience. From above standards, it is clear that cyber threat is developed from the internal practices of the organization. Therefore, it is necessary that organization must analyze their internal practices. Conclusion: This report states the issues of cyber resilience, and not focus on the causes of cyber threats but it states the measures of cyber threats. In other words, measures related to sustainability of resilient operations. It further suggests the way through which organization can achieve their goals and also manage the cyber resilience. References: ASIC, (2015). Cyber resilience: Health check. Viewed at: https://download.asic.gov.au/media/3062900/rep429-published-19-march-2015-1.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017. ASIC, (2016). Embedding cyber resilience within company culture. Viewed at: https://asic.gov.au/regulatory-resources/markets/resources-on-markets/markets-articles-by-asic/embedding-cyber-resilience-within-company-culture/. Accessed on 28th August 2017. ASIC, (2016). ASICS corporate plan 201516 to 201819. Viewed at: https://download.asic.gov.au/media/3338908/corporate-plan-2015_published-31-august-2015.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017. ASIC, (2016). Building resilience: The challenge of cyber risk. Viewed at: https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/media-centre/speeches/building-resilience-the-challenge-of-cyber-risk/. Accessed on 28th August 2017. ASIC, (2016). Cyber resilience assessment report: ASX Group and Chi-X Australia Pty Ltd. Viewed at: https://www.asic.gov.au/media/3563866/rep-468-published-7-march-2016.pdf?utm_source=report-468utm_medium=landing-pageutm_campaign=pdfdownload. Accessed on 28th August 2017. BSI. Organizational Resilience. Viewed at: https://www.bsigroup.com/LocalFiles/en-GB/organizational-resilience/whitepaper-harnessing-experience-embracing-opportunity.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017. Dhillon, G. (2015). What to do before and after a cyber-security breach?. Viewed at: https://www.american.edu/kogod/cybergov/upload/dhillon_6-17-16_web.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017. EY, (2014). Achieving resilience in the cyber ecosystem. Viewed at: https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/cyber_ecosystem/$FILE/EY-Insights_on_GRC_Cyber_ecosystem.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017. OECD, (2012). Cybersecurity policy making At a turning point. Viewed at: https://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/cybersecurity%20policy%20making.pdf. Accessed on 28th August 2017.

Take care about your reputation within the social networks for job hunting

Take care about your reputation within the social networks for job hunting Nowadays life realities are closely connected with the social networks activities. It is very convenient, since searching for a job you can get a lot of information about the company, you are interested in, read opinions of other people and avoid falling into a trap. For sure, there can be a lot of fake information and unverified facts, but by doing small investigation it is possible to find out what exactly you need. So as we appreciate the on-line reputation of the employers, the companies and firms explore our reputation in the social networks before making solution about hiring. There are a lot of different aspects to which companies pay attention and which can become determinative factor for your employment. Take care of your on-line presence If you want to find a nice position it is important to have a profile on the appropriate sites, which specialize in job hunting and are aimed for job matching. First of all it gives you the source of position search. Thus, you just post the appropriate information about yourself once and receive offers from companies, isn’t it convenient? The next thing is that nowadays companies appreciate and respect customers, who have nice skills of work with the computer and your account in the LinkedIn is the first sign of your knowledge and keeping up with the times. Make professional posts in LinkedIn Distinguish your personal matters and professional related issues. LinkedIn is the network for business communication and contacts. Avoid posting things, which have nothing in common with your education, work experience, aptitudes or personal skills. The employer will hardly appreciate such unserious relation and it can result in drawing wrong and undesirable conclusions about you. Thus, you should use your profile in Facebook for all your personal stuff and arrange your LinkedIn page in the continent and official manner. Arrange your profiles in other social networks Of course, you have profiles in other networks, such as Facebook or Twitter, where you post anything you like, including the information of different sort. Thus, it seems that there is no difference what photos or videos or any other information you have there, since your page in LinkedIn is perfect and the rest does not matter. Though, a lot of employers take care about the personal qualities of their team, so they can take it a step further and view your profiles in other networks. We doubt if they like the photos in a state of alcoholic or any other intoxication and dissolute or provocative posts. Do your best to eliminate such things, if there are any. Update and track your LinkedIn profile It is important to be an active user of the LinkedIn network, if you really want to find a job or arrange your reputation before job hunting. Update your profile with any new achievements you have. Be it an essay paper, published in the college newspaper, a new hobby or improved skills, just show the people that you are ready to develop and aim yourself to carrier and personal growth. Besides, it is significant to track your profile, since you can receive an offer any time and the sooner you answer, the more chances you will have. Check information out on Google and Bing All potential employers apply mostly same algorithm of information gathering. They check your profiles in the social network and then specify your name in the network search engines like Google and Bing. That is why, you should stuck to the same plan. Settle the things with your accounts and then insert your name into the search string of the biggest search engines. There can be some feedbacks or reviews from the previous companies, where you worked or just some forums or all possible sorts of other things. Make sure that all the information is positive, if it is not so, do your best to improve the things. So pay attention to the above mentioned matters and be sure that your on-line reputation will bring your success within the issue of employment and professional growth.

Rebuttal Essay Example

Rebuttal Essay Example Rebuttal Essay Rebuttal Essay Essay Topic: Rebuttal I understand that people are entitled their opinions and beliefs. Megan Patella made the choice of aborting her pregnancy after she and her husband was told that their son would have severer medical issues. I have four children, ranging from twenty-two to nine. My nine year-old is autistic and needs constant attention. I cannot and begin to understand why one would want to kill a life for any reason. Megan and her husband, according to the article were trying to conceive a child late in adulthood. Not until they got the result from the genetics doctor that their son would have a chromosomal disorder and would present a series of major physical and emotional challenges and possible surgeries down the road (Patella, 2103). I highlighted possible because even right here there was that uncertainty of the test result. Megan stated that her and her husband felt that they were dealt a bum hand with this conception. No one dealt them anything they were trying to conceive a hill. Life in itself is a miracle, which according to Florida vital statistic there were 237,166 births in 2006. Then to get the readers to be passionate about her cause she states the doctor put her and her husband out into the parking lot thro. She leads the reader to believe that this was there only exit because they ask about aborting there son. Not only did Megan go through with the abortion she did so in an unlawful manner. Florida law prohibits that termination off pregnancy in the second or third trimester without the consult of a second physician (INSTITUTE, 2013). Megan stated in her article that Florida law prohibits abortion after 24 weeks. According to Stomacher Institute, State of Later Abortions the state of Georgia has some relax laws when it comes to abortions. This is why Megan and her husband drove to another city possible out of state to Georgia. Laws were not meant to be broken. This was a true homicide, killing an unborn child in the manner in which they did should be outlawed. Then there was the complication that resulted in hospitalizing. To me this is Just karma; they terminated something that was given o them by God. Megan stated that she did a lot of research to find a doctor that would perform abortion surfing the internet. Megan references the Stomacher Institute, which is a web site that is put into place to enhance public awareness on sexual and reproduction health worldwide. Stomacher Institute is a non-based university that has received many prestigious awards. Megan used a valid source to gain here information in her article. In the State of Later Abortion article on the Stomacher website it identifies by state what laws prevail over abortions? Megan is heeds a different light on the subject. With her Journalism skills, Megan strategically placed small innuendos throughout her article to gain compassion from the readers. First Megan stated the doctor lead her to a door that opened in a parking lot. Without knowing the building I am sure that was the same door she came into. Second Megan stated that the doctor was not cordial when he entered the room, and how the procedure room looked. This statement could be true however it once again allows the reader to feel sorry for situation. Thirdly, Megan painted a grim picture of he entire process from start to finish.

Antarctica

White fields of snow, surrounded by ice covered mountains and no civilization around for miles. This may sound like a fantasy land but is the blank canvas of Antarctica. Some people think of it as an arctic waste land but I see it as an unexplored frontier. Antarctica is one of last places on the planet that has not been thoroughly explored. It gives the land a kind of mystery; like anything could exist there. It represents an older simpler time in the world, before industrialization, automobiles, and roads. People have not breached this still natural and wild habitat. This natural world holds a magnificent beauty that is unparalleled anywhere else. It is one of the last uncultivated places left in the world where nature still reigns, free from the influence of human kind.Antarctica intrigues me because I am also interested in what is new and developing. This land has the opportunity to be created into anything. Any kind of government or economy; a whole new way of life could be crea ted here. Any type of society could develop from a colonial government controlled by some world power or a new sovereign nation. The unknown ignites my imagination. It makes me ask the question what new advancement in technology can be found or scientific discoveries can be made? I am intrigued by the unknown and of all the places in the world Antarctica is the epitome of the unknown.

Marketing Plan for Jcrew Clothing company Research Paper

Marketing Plan for Jcrew Clothing company - Research Paper Example The youth, men as well as women form the majority of the customers when it comes to the clothing industry. The success of any business opportunity always depends on the positioning of such a business. Business ventures that are well positioned always ensure resounding success. Customers are always the major targets when it comes to positioning of businesses (Kotler and Keller, 27). This business is going to target the potential customers. This will be critical in enhancing the proximity and access by the customers, suppliers and ease the provision of labor. In this reason, it is critical to note that the JCrews online stores is going to have a friendly website that will ensure that majority of people can access some of the products and execute transactions online. It is prudent enough to note that pricing affects the rate at which any product is purchased. Products of high prices always experience low rates of purchase compared to those of cheap prices (Kotler and Keller, 31). This follows that high prices always tend to repel several customers. However, the clothing products of the JCrews online store are going to be of favorable prices. The prices are going to set prices that are affordable to all the customers. This is going to lure several customers to purchase the products. This is therefore crucial in expanding the customer base, thus impacting positively towards the purchase potential. The clothing products of the JCrews online stores are going to be of very high quality and their prices are going to be more affordable compared to that offered by our competitors. In order for any business to thrive well in the competitive world markets, there is need for effective promotion of the products on offer. This is crucial in informing customers of the new products, the improvements as well as the reasons necessary for one to purchase the products. Effective promotional tools are suitable

Internatoinal business mangement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Internatoinal business mangement - Essay Example It helps to stimulate the economic growth. On the other hand, under the stated directed economies income and resources are funneled to the governmental central agency. It is the responsibility of the governmental central agency to allocate appropriate financial resources back into the action that the central agency deems important. State directed economies are high risk associated. If the organizations find it difficult to allocate appropriate financial resources then it can stifle the economic growth. Democratic political system can be considered as an important condition for the sustainable economic growth. There are several advantages of the democratic political system as it helps an economy to betterment the income distribution. In addition to this, democratic political system helps to adopt and develop free market economy system. Free market economy system can increase the buying and selling activities in an organization. In addition to this, it reduces the level of corruption in a country. Adoption and development of free market economy can help a country in several ways. First of all, it motivates several foreign players to invest in the country. It helps a country to increase the buying and selling activities. In addition to this, it helps to increase the employment generation aspect as the number of businesses or organizations increases due to these political systems. The market growth rate increases of an economy under this democratic political system as it helps to incr ease the market demand for a particular products and services. Intense market competition as well as demand for differentiated products and services can help a country to overcome several economic challenges, such as inflation, recession and depressions as the democratic political system motivates the business enterprises to produce goods and services according to the existing market demand. Therefore, limited threat of oversupply can help a country to gain effective

Summer Assignment Essay Example for Free

Summer Assignment Essay IB AP European History Summer Assignment Prerequisite for the AP European History class After doing research on Medieval Europe, address the following questions in essay format. Your research can come through books, the internet and Gateway’s databases (Gale) that you would find under Electronic Resources on our webpage. Cite where you’re getting your information from. The response for each set of questions should be 300 words in length and should be hand written. Essays will be turned in on the first day of school. Late papers will not be accepted. Your grade will be based upon completion of the assignment, thorough answer to each question asked and your ability to follow directions. Your responses must be hand written in blue or black ink. 1. What were the causes and effects of the Black Death for Europe? Include in your discussion how the Black Death spread. 2. What were the causes and effects of the Hundred Years War for England and France? Include Joan of Arc in your discussion. 3. What were the causes and effects of the Great Schism on the Catholic Church and Europe? Include conciliarism in your discussion. 4. What were Dante’s, Petrarch’s, Boccaccio’s and Chaucer’s contributions to Medieval Europe’s literature? Include in your discussion their works and the effects on society. 5. How did the Holy Roman Empire contrast with the English and French monarchies in Medieval Europe? Include in your discussion Edward III, Charles V and the Great Council. 6. How was Italy fragmented in the 14th Century? Include in your discussion the republics, kingdom, duchy and Papal States that constituted Italy in the 1300s.

Free College Essays - Stylistic Devices in The Stranger by Albert Camus :: The Stranger The Outsider

Use of Stylistic Devices in The Stranger    In his novel The Stranger, Albert Camus uses the stylistic devices of imagery and diction to develop the intensity of the physical action and to illustrate the lack of emotion in the last paragraph of Part I. Imagery of all kinds is abundant in this passage as Meursault, the main character, pays great attention to and describes in detail the beach environment that surrounds him. Visual imagery is present as he conveys the intense heat by telling how it seemed as though the sky had cracked open and was raining flame, and by personifying the ocean, recounting how it breathed blistering hot air onto the beach. Auditory imagery is employed when Meursault speaks of the cymbals of the sun clashing and describes the four shots fired as â€Å"four quick knocks on the door of unhappiness.† Imagery of a tactile nature is used in Meursault’s depicting the effects of the light reflecting off of the Arab’s knife on him, its â€Å"searing† his eyelashes and â€Å"gouging† his eyeballs. All of this imagery works together to create the feeling of intense pressure in the actions being carried out by both Meursault and the Arab on the beach. All of it describes what is happening in the physical world, yet none of it deals with how Meursault feels in that situation (whether apprehensive, frightened, or angry) or what he is thinking. Since the imagery of the passage deals only with action and not the emotion, Camus creates the impression that there is no emotion. The diction used by Camus in the paragraph further develops the intensity of the action and the lack of emotion. Words such as â€Å"pulsing,† â€Å"scorch,† â€Å"bursting,† â€Å"clashing,† â€Å"searing,† and â€Å"gouging† are used in context with the heat on the beach, the veins in Meursault’s forehead, the sun, and the light reflecting off the Arab’s knife. All of these words carry a violent and rather drastic connotation which augments the tension in the activity of the passage.

Importance of Effective Communication

IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION In this age of competition communication is the number one problem of the management. Competition,  complex  methods  of  production,  large  scale  operations  and  specialisation  in  production  functions  have  increased  the  importance  of  communication. Without  effectivecommunication  a  manager  cannot  perform  his  duties  well. Communication  is  as  essential  to  business as blood is to the human body. Success of the communication system affects the successof business. The following points will prove its  importance in business: 1.Smooth  Working of a  Business Firm Communication is necessary for the successful smooth and unrestricted working of anenterprise. All organisational interaction depends upon working of an  enterprise. All organisationalinteraction depends upon communication. The manager co-ordinates the human and the physicalelements of an organisation into an  efficient and working unit that achieves common objectives. Beit an activity of purchase or sale or production or finance it is the process of communication thatmakes  cooperative  action  possible.The  internal  and  external  communication  process  of  anorganisation  decides  the  various  activities  to  be  done  and  various  objectives  to  be  achieved. â€Å"Communication is basic to an organisation’s existence from birth of the organisation through itscontinuing life when communication stops, organised activity ceases to exist. † 2. Basis of Managerial Function Communication  plays  an  important  role  in  discharging  the  various  functions  of  management. No function of management is possible without the communication process.Itsimportance in performing the various functions is as  follows:i. Planning : Planning the most important among the functions of management, require sextensive communication among the executives and the other personnel. Communication isimportant in executing a planned programme and then controlling the activities of the  personnel with the help of feedback information. ii. Organisation :  Organisation  is  the  second  important  function  of  management  whichdecides  the  various  activities  of  an  organisation,  divides  them  into  workable  units,delegates authority to perform the.For this purpose, communication is a must becausedifferent persons, departments and group come to know their powers and jurisdiction onlythrough an effective means  of communication. iii. Direction and Leadership : Direction and effective leadership requires an efficient systemof communication in an organisation. A good leader can direct or lead his subordinatesonly when an efficient system of communication is present. It brings both the leader andthe subordinates in close contact with each other and r emoves  misunderstanding if any. iv. Motivation An efficient system of communication enables management to change theattitude  of  the  subordinates  and  to  motivate,  influence  and  satisfy  them. Most  of  theconflicts in business are not basic but are caused by misunderstood motives and ignoranceof facts. Proper and timely communication between the interested parties, reduces the  points of friction and minimises those  that inevitably arise. v. Co-ordination : The present day big organisations, designed on the basis of specialisationand division of labour are constituted of a large number of people.In order to achieve thedesired objective, it is very necessary to co-ordinate the efforts of labour engaged in thevarious  activities  of  production  and  the  organisation. Co-ordination  requires  mutualunderstanding about  the  organisational goals  and the  mode of  their accomplishment;  andthe interrelationship betwee n the works being performed by various individuals. vi. Control : Communication aids in controlling the activities of the individuals departmentand groups. The facts standards and information are  communicated to the concerned partiesand they perform their respective obligations according to the standards set forth in the  plan. . Maximum Production at Minimum Cost Every organisation aims at getting the maximum output at the minimum cost and for this  purpose it requires an effective internal and external communication system. In the external field,and efficient communication system  helps in  improving public  opinion  having  contacts  withgovernment departments and getting market information in order to achieve the  primary goals. 4. Prompt Decision and  its Implementation In order to make prompt decisions, fact collecting process is necessary. Information must  be received before any meaningful decision and for this purpose communication is a primaryrequi rement.Again to  implement the  decision  effectively its  communication to  subordinatesconcerned is essential. Thus, decision-making and its implementation require and effective systemof communication. 5. Building Human Relations Man is the most active and effective factor of production and good human relations are the  basis  of  cooperation  and  industrial  peace  that  requires  good  working  conditions  and  work-environment. As  we  have  discussed  earlier  communication  is  a  two-way  traffic  which  helps  promote  cooperation  and mutual  understanding between the  two partners of  an  organisation.Efficient  downward  communication  helps  the  management  to  tell  the  subordinates  what  theorganisation wants and how it can be performed. On the other hand upward communication helpsthe workers in putting their grievances and suggestions and reactions to the policies, befor e themanagement. 6. Job-satisfaction and  Good Morale Morale is the human element that motivates a man to work in the right spirit. Goodcommunication removes the possibility of misunderstanding among the parties  concerned. Workersknow what they have to do and how it creates a sense of cooperation among them.It increases themorale of the workers and each worker will have job satisfaction. 7. Avoids Illusion While passing through various stages information may be distorted by interested partiesand many create illusion and misunderstanding among persons. Illusion is the great enemy of  communication. An  efficient  system  of  communication  aims  at  removing  illusions  andmisunderstanding by communicating facts and figures. 8. Contacts  with External  Parties Communication is essential not only for the internal management of the organisation but italso helps contacts with the outside world.Contact with outside agencies such as customers,associations,   other manufacturers, advertisers,  suppliers,  trade  unions,  research  councils  andinstitutions, etc. are necessary for furthering the interests of the organisation. It increases thegoodwill of the firm and helps in  creating a favourable public attitude towards the organisation. Steps to Make Communication Effective In order to remove barriers to communication an open door communication policy should  be prepared and followed by managers at all levels.The superiors in the organisation must createand atmosphere of confidence and trust in the organisation so that the credibility gap may benarrowed down. Major efforts in this direction are: 1. Two-way communication The  organisation’s  communication  policy  should  provide  for  a  two-way  traffic  incommunication upwards and downwards. It brings two minds closer and improves understanding  between the two parties the sender and  the receiver. A sound feedback system should be  int roducedin the organisation so that distortion in and filtering of messages should be avoided.There should  be no communication gap. 2. Strengthening Communication Network The communication network should be strengthened to make communication effective. For  this  purpose  the  procedure  of  communication  should  be  simplified,  layers  in  downwardcommunication should be reduced to the minimum possible. Decentralisation and delegation of  authority  should  be  encouraged  to  make information  communication  more efficient,  throughfrequent meetings, conferences and timely dissemination of information to the subordinates. 3. Promoting  Participative  Approach

Anyone can make a difference

There is no such thing as a perfect world although we continue to try and make it seem that way. Mankind has dreamt about making this wish a reality for many centuries yet has failed in its attempts. This concept along with the failure it carries exists because no one man or women can entirely change the world we live in. No two people are alike so therefore how can millions of individuals be expected to have the same exact motives or desires.In contrast, the reality is that no matter what sex, GE, religious belief or ethnicity you carry, everyone has the same bottom line basic needs that must be met for survival. If each and every one of us could understand that perception and accept it than the key to peace would be among us. Over the centuries in which humanity has been alive it seems that this fact has not been discovered by all its civilization. So therefore many have learned that by separating themselves from trying to persuade this thought, they can more over begin to focus on their own parts to play in this action movie called â€Å"Life†.This world is filled opportunity; anyone of us can have and will have the chance to take a stand in making our home a better place. Being a strong advocate of voting, it is shocking to conclude that many of Americans do not participate in the act of voting, elections or other democratic virtues. The best tool that we have at our disposal is the Benton 2 power to vote, which is the most sufficient way to voice our own opinions. Too many people described as Americans like the idea of problems fixing problems but this solution is unrealistic.If someone does not agree with how the government is running things then it is stated in the Declaration of Independence to speak up! It is overall OUR RIGHT to say so! The government should never have full control over our country; we are supposed to have a democracy run civilization not some communist dictatorship! Another action that should be used in attempt to make our wor ld a finer place is to recognize how something so simple as showing respect and love towards one another can lead to such positive self-outcomes beyond measure.Anyone no matter hat sex, age, religion or ethic background again should be treated equally and not any different then how you would want or expect to be treated. No one human being is better than another even if he or she makes more money or is shown to be in a higher standing within the system. I mean if there really is a â€Å"God†, than we are all his children, correct? No favorites would have been picked from the bunch over another. Nevertheless, along with these examples, a dedication to volunteer activities can also provide an impact on the community not alone on you.Regardless of the location in which you become involved with such extracurricular activities it is always known to show a positive feedback. There are so many amazing, kind hearted and wonderful people who reside here in Fresno, California not menti oning the rest of the planet yet along with these people one should recognize that there will be a lot of harsh ones to follow. Yet, experiences with others should never change your own view and relations to the outside world. It is true that his economy is so horrid Benton 3 eight now that it is causing thousands to morph into self-centered monsters.This reality is disgusting as it is the barrier that is separating that of commonality. Sadly enough, this sequence of events is taking venue only because of the way we have let such issues prolong. The need for survival is a mind-controlling factor yet if we could all realize that by working towards a much deeper long-term goal, we all would be much better off. The strong crave for the light bulb to one day appear over the naive is prodigious as help from America's people is so desperately needed.Evidentially enough, it is impossible to turn the minds of everyone single handedly so some must carry on with their own lives and continuall y try their best in spreading their own opinions and words in the appropriate ways. While dreaming of a greater day, maybe this exhibit will one day be transformed into a reality for at lease our children or children's' children to experience. All that any single individual can do is give effort and think that maybe their suggestions will make a positive influence and one day spread into something larger and far greater†¦

Learn Japanese Greetings for Special Occasions

Learn Japanese Greetings for Special Occasions Using the correct greeting in Japan is important, especially when meeting people for the first time in a social situation. Celebrations Happy Birthday.O-tanjoubi omedetou gozaimasu. (formal)㠁Šè ªâ€¢Ã§â€Å¸Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£ Å Ã£â€š Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ‚  Tanjoubi omedetou. (casual)è ªâ€¢Ã§â€Å¸Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£ Å Ã£â€š Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€šCongratulations.Omedetou gozaimasu.㠁Šã‚ Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šOmedetou. (casual)㠁Šã‚ Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š The form gozaimasu㠁”㠁â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢ is more formal. It is added when you are talking with somebody who is not a family member or a close friend. To reply, Arigatou gozaimasu㠁‚り㠁Å'㠁 ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢ or Arigatou㠁‚り㠁Å'㠁 ¨Ã£ â€  is used. Congratulations on your wedding.Go-kekkon omedetou gozaimasu. (formal)㠁”ç µ Ã¥ ©Å¡Ã£ Å Ã£â€š Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šKekkon omedetou. (casual)ç µ Ã¥ ©Å¡Ã£ Å Ã£â€š Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š The honorific o 㠁Š or go 㠁” can be attached to the front of some nouns as a formal way of saying your. It is very polite. When Speaking With Somebody Who Is Sick How are you feeling?Guai wa ikaga desu ka.å… ·Ã¥ Ë†Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€¹Ã£ Å'㠁 §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€šHow is your cold?Kaze wa dou desu ka.é ¢ ¨Ã©â€š ªÃ£  ¯Ã£  ©Ã£ â€ Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€šThanks to your help,  I have gotten better.Okagesama de  yoku narimashita.㠁Šã â€¹Ã£ â€™Ã£ â€¢Ã£  ¾Ã£  §Ã£â€šË†Ã£  Ã£  ªÃ£â€šÅ Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚ Okagesama de㠁Šã â€¹Ã£ â€™Ã£ â€¢Ã£  ¾Ã£  § can be used whenever you announce good news in answer to someones concerned inquiry.   Please take care of yourself.Odaiji ni.㠁Šå ¤ §Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£  «Ã£â‚¬â€š To reply Odaiji ni 㠁Šå ¤ §Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£  «, Arigatou gozaimasu 㠁‚り㠁Å'㠁 ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢ is used.   Click this link to learn how to say Happy New Year in Japanese.

EnvironmentD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

EnvironmentD - Essay Example Due to our careless activities in pursuit of our own comforts and luxuries, we have destroyed the various species of plants and animals that have inhabited our planet for millennia. This write-up deals with one of the danger spots of the world, as pointed out by UNESCO. We will be discussing the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, which is the danger-zone in terms of its ecological factor, situated in India. It has been highlighted as an ecological property that is on the World Heritage list on the website of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). We will talk about the causes for the destruction, potential threats, programmes for conservation that have been taken up by the Government of India; besides how it can lead to the extinction of some of the world's endangered species! Located on the foothills of the world's tallest mountain ranges, the Himalayas, the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is home for numerous species of animals and birds. It is one of the numerous spots around the world that is inhabited extensively by the wildlife. Since it lies at the confluence of the Indo-Gangetic and the Indo-Malayan plain, it exhibits great degree of diversity, in terms of the wildlife inhabiting the area, inclusive of few endangered species like the Indian rhinoceros, the elephant, the pygmy hog and the tiger. Since it is located on the fertile alluvial soil that is conducive for the growth of woodlands and grasslands, it is densely populated by the varied species of wildlife. However, due to the invasion of man and materialism into this animal kingdom, the sanctuary has suffered some extensive damages. Falling aprey to the numerous atrocious activities of man, in his attempt to extract the most amount of benefits from natural resources, the sanctuary has witnessed heavy diminishment. It was named under the list of the Danger Spots of the World, in the year 1992, as a result of the destruction of the sot due to the invasion of the Assamese Bodo tribes. Extensive damage had also been done due to destructive activities like poaching and others. Political stability and civil unrest are also cited as the reasons for this. Militant invasion, heavy human activity, etc. led to the diminishment of the quality of infrastructure of the sanctuary. The insurgency and militant movement that is quite rampant in the area has led to the destruction of about 30% of the tigers and 50% of the rare Indian rhinoceros. The loss is estimated to be about two million USD. This extensive damage and its high amounting has led to numerous outcomes. The main one seems to be that fact that the site has been declared a Danger Spot. This listing has instigated the Government of India and the State Government of Assam to take up measures of rehabilitation and resurrection of the exotic spot. The surrounding villagers being very poor

6-sigma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

6-sigma - Essay Example The process is commonly utilised in the manufacturing processes in seeking to minimise variability of products and enhance the quality through improvement of the business processes. The six-sigma approach utilises various quality management methods like statistics in the development of quality improvement approaches within the manufacturing industry. The term remains synonymous to the manufacturing terms associated with the modelling of the manufacturing process through the utilisation of statistical processes. The process aims at ensuring products remains product free, which is essential in determining the effectiveness of the manufacturing process. The sigma level is commonly measured through the percentage of detect-free products. The sigma process included in the manufacturing process follows a definite sequence of activities aimed at achieving quantifiable production targets. Effective achievement of the targets becomes a measure of the efficacy achieved in the implementation of the sigma process of management. The fundamental purpose for the adoption of the six-sigma approach remains the reduction of variability in the products. The variability defined by the six-sigma approach remains based on the occurrence of defects upon the products. The number of defects detected upon the products becomes the quantifying element in establishing the effectiveness of the production improvement process (Montgomery and Woodall, p331). This results in the reduction of the defects to a level that the occurrence of failure or defects becomes almost impossible. The methodologies utilised in the improvement of the manufacturing process consist of five phases that based on the operations adopted by the organisation. The processes involved in the six sigma include the following elements Define – this can be e defined as the definition of the various attributes which are expected to be achieved through the implementation of the six sigma approach. This

Fast Food Restaurants Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fast Food Restaurants - Assignment Example Therefore, in Fast Food restaurants industry, customer loyalty is built, earned and retained with the following components; Product quality, Product attributes, Brand name, Store environment (relates to customer experience with the restaurant and restaurant's ambiance), Service quality, Price, Promotion, Trust and Satisfaction. In this industry, a loyal customer means the person who avail's a restaurant's services, is highly satisfied with them, has a pleasant customer experience with the place, trusts the restaurant to provide high quality good food, considers product/service attributes to be excellent, considers the product/service quality as high, considers price to be worth the product/service offering, rates promotional activities to be highly attractive and goes for the brand name created by the restaurant, like McDonalds (Nezakati, 13). For fast food firms, customer loyalty is when a particular customer revisits their restaurant again and again and repurchases their service. M oreover, these are the customers who visit the restaurant very frequently, for instance a customer who eats at the restaurant twice every week. They are happy customers who give a positive feedback when asked about the food and they give generous tips to the waiters. Customer loyalty is measured by the revenue generated from a particular customer, a regular customer whose name every waiter would know or who could be recognized by face (Rehman et.al., 1-2). For customers, customer loyalty is the high level of satisfaction they receive from dining in a fast food restaurant. For them, customer loyalty is a product of high quality product/service that completely fulfills the customer expectations and satisfy their preferences or needs. For customers, to be a loyal consumer of a fast food restaurant's food, it is essential for the restaurant to provide them with a complete service experience. The ambiance of the place must be pleasant and enjoyable. Food must be of high quality and most importantly it must be hygienic and worth every penny they pay for it. The service must be prompt and efficient as customers do not like to wait a lot when it comes to food and restaurant staff must be hospitable and helpful since many at times customers ask for suggestions from the staff as to what they should order and what is the best dish they serve. So in a nutshell, for customers to be loyal they must be provided a high quality food service as for customers, customer loyalty is what an organization earns from the absolute satisfaction of a customer. It is all about meeting customer expectations and living up to them (Rehman et.al., 1-2). To be more specific, companies and customers define customer loyalty by dividing it into two types; attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty. Attitudinal loyalty is a state of mind a customer is in which displays a positive preferential attitude of the customer towards a company's products/services. It simply depends on the customers' liking , if they like a certain brand, like in this case if they love McDonalds, they will even pay a premium price to buy the product compared to its lower priced competitor, for instance KFC in this case. Behavioral loyalty is simply dependent on the customer's conduct without any consideration of their attitude or preference.

Information Systems Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Information Systems Development - Essay Example The said question is the main purpose to initiate thinking in managing essential data in all the domains listed or not listed in the article. When related data is managed or organized in an efficient way then we have to call it is a database. For organizations or for an individual the processed data is worth while. The information which is received is an ultimate form of organized and processed data. The information is used to make decisions for future tracks while the raw data will only yield mess. In the essay the focal point is the evaluation of spreadsheet and relational database as suitable instrument for handling data or user preferences of the different organizations. Spreadsheet sheet is another way to handle data in an organization. But the limitations of the spreadsheets force one to take turn on the other side i.e. adoption of the database management system. As different organizations are still using spreadsheets for the management of their data facts and its due to the lack of domain knowledge regarding databases. So the spreadsheets fit best in their environment instead of all their problems or issues which the organization members are facing. Spreadsheet is a sort of storehouse in which the users are just stuffing the data and making a heap of soft data files. Why mostly the spreadsheets are in practice the reason for the said question is that most of the people are well familiar with the environment of the spreadsheet. Using spreadsheet one can easily insert data in the rows and columns of spread sheet data. The primary usage of the spreadsheets is to handle mathematical calculations, play with numbers, and applying complex formulae. The data models which are best suited in a spreadsheet are budget, taxes, inventories, and other financial models. The application which is going to be engineered is from the domain of education industry and in our case it is an arts centre. First probing the

Jean Baudrillards Disneyworld Company Theory Analysis

Jean Baudrillards Disneyworld Company Theory Analysis In his essay Disneyworld Company (1996), Jean Baudrillard suggests that we are living within an immediate synchronism of all the places and all the periods in a single a-temporal virtuality. Please explain this statement, referencing at least two contemporary digital examples. In his statement ‘an immediate synchronism of all the places and all the periods in a single a-temporal virtuality‘, Baudrillard is addressing the gap between what we can see as the known and the experienced (Baudrillard, 1996). It is in this sense that Baudrillard is writing against the notion of human nature and revealing only experience as the real and knowledge as merely the imagined. It is due to this gap that Baudrillard is then able to show that virtuality has begun to replace our real perceptions. To understand this in full we must investigate his and other philosopher’s thoughts regarding the digital age in greater detail. Informed primarily by the role that intelligence and sensual perception plays as it is applied to experience and knowledge, Baudrillard looked at the role of subjectivity as it related to both the objective and the phenomenological world. Beginning his enquiry into humanity and reality and its relationship to the world, Baudrillard focused upon the condition of the free world and its growing technologies with an emphasis that its Medias had placed upon commercialisation, imagery and art consumption. Baudrillard spoke of the new emphasis on the philosophy of self fulfilment suggesting that, ‘Through planned motivation we find ourselves in an era where advertising takes over the moral responsibility for all of society and replaces a puritan morality with a hedonistic morality of pure satisfaction, like a new state of nature at the heart of hyper civilisation’ (Baudrillard, 1968, p.3) After prescribing this current philosophical and moral reality that he believed informed the condition for humanity in the west, Baudrillard then turned to a notion of subject / object consciousness in an attempt to define a link between our knowledge and our experience. Detailing a consumer-able condition that pertained very strongly to post modern, capitalist living, Baudrillard concluded that the relationship between the subject and object now formed the living consciousness of an abstracted life between what he/she identifies with and what is signified in the actual consummation of any chosen object, such as an image, by stating that, ‘We can see that what is consumed are not objects but the relation itself signified and absent, included and excluded at the same time it is the idea of the relation that is consumed in the series of objects which manifests it.’ (Baudrillard, 1967, p.11) What Baudrillard does here is implement the idea of a simulated code acting as our knowledge, rather like that of a robot with artificial intelligence, that works by replacing the old humanised ideological frameworks that once informed society and acted as the gel between experience and knowledge / subject and object. These driving forces once born of experience communicated through culture and language in the forms of social exchange and communal ideology were seen by Baudrillard as being the premise of the image. In this we see that Baudrillard is showing how this simulated code informs a new humanity, devoid of natural origin, that does not live out a life according to cultural meaning that is supported by a communal language, but instead acts out an imagined life that can be understood and identified by its relationship to the values apparent within the code or what Bakhtin called the ‘relationship of the other’ essentially, placing life itself as a simulated relati onship to a tructural code of knowledge. (Bakhtin, 1993). Writing on the subsequent implications of this reality that he defined as hyper-reality and documenting the cultural shift that supported the change from registering external behaviour of a subject as an indication of a subjective response to the recognition of the other as an objective image of simulated experience, Baudrillard suggested that, ‘A whole imagery based on contact, a sensory mimicry and a tactile mysticism, basically ecology in its entirety, comes to be grafted on to this universe of operational simulation, multi-stimulation and multi response. This incessant test of successful adaptation is naturalised by assimilating it to animal mimicry. , and even to the Indians with their innate sense of ecology tropisms, mimicry, and empathy: the ecological evangelism of open systems, with positive or negative feedback, will be engulfed in this breach, with an ideology of regulation with information that is only an avatar, in accordance of a more flexible patter.’ (Baudrillard, 1976, p.9) With this we can see that all cultures have become divorced from a natural reality born of experience and that the ideas of a structured culture have become replaced by a gap that is filled with the virtual. In this sense, life, according to Baudrillard, is one of virtual imagery that is then rationalised against a simulated code rather than an intrinsic relationship with nature. Essentially, this ideological code acting as virtual knowledge informs us of linear time and space and so distorts our experience of life and existence. The virtual imagery presented to us via global technology and media, such as the internet, then reinforces our application to this reality and gives us our user identity that replaces the old systems devised of actual or phenomenological reality. Scepticism towards global medias, technologies and the growing dependency that humanity and society had begun placing upon the cultural apparatus of the globe was put forward by Marxist philosopher Seigfried Kracaue rs in his concerns about the mass consumption of art. This indicated that reality of the working masses was hidden under the illusion (or virtuality) of mass produced, distributed and unrelated art (Kracauer, 1963). Expanding upon the ideas of mass consumption and art put forward by Kracauer, contemporary Walter Benjamin introduced the notion of time and space to this idea. Focusing upon the history of technological progression and its relationship to art and social reality, Benjamin suggested that, ‘Even the most perfect reproduction of a work of art is lacking in one element its presence in time and space, its unique existence as the place where it happens to be. This unique existence of the work of art determined the history to which it was subject throughout the time of existence. This includes the charges which it may have suffered in physical condition over the years as well as the various changes of its ownerships. The traces of the first can be revealed only by chemical or physical analysis which it is impossible to perform on a reproduction; changes of ownership are subject to a tradition which must be traced from the situation of the original’ (Benjamin, 1935, p.1) Bringing the role of time and space into the capitalist reproduction of art, Benjamin was able to expand upon Kracauer’s notion that this art was resistant to nature, the individual, the nation and the community. What Benjamin was then able to suggest was that firstly, any one piece of culture belongs to the mass production of art that determines it, and that secondly, every cultural artefact cannot stand free of the time and space in which it was presented as without its mass, it has no meaning or cultural apparatus from which it can be signified or understood (Benjamin, 1935). We can see from this that both Kracauer and Benjamin devised a rationale that applied to the placing of the ideological and virtual conceptual framework within the technological reality of global production. More contemporary thinkers and writers that have concerned themselves with this role of global media and their advancing technologies in the current global condition, hae often supported these view s providing evidence for the onus placed upon imagery in the process. For instance, in his text War and Peace in the Global Village writer Marshall McLuhan commented directly upon the growing dependency of western cultures mass media technologies. The global village mentioned in the title referred to the relationship between the people of the global cities and the mass culture that they consumed and were informed by. In particular, this text observed the actual impact that new technologies such as television and news had on cultural perception and indicated how it affected the perception of time within that perception, suggesting that it was being used to artificially construct a regional global identity based upon a virtual history and world based upon linear time and imagined geographies. For instance, information readily received from actual and real events in the world made the concept of a world and its state of being a direct part of one’s own naturalised condtion and e xperience. Essentially, as this mass of information could be freely accessed by anyone among the global village at any time, then the information could be seen as a virtual universalising reality. Furthermore, using an example of contemporary war coverage, McLuhan was able to demonstrate a clear biasness that was present in the then contemporary manipulation of mass technologies so that invading troops could be portrayed as ‘military contractors‘. He termed this as ’dichotomization’, which would offer two points of view both pertaining to the culture / counter culture of the presiding mass (McLuhan, 1963). This is the gap between knowledge and experience that Baudrillard was referring to, in which he believed synchronisation could flood the space now rendered free of actual time and actual space and portray the virtual as the real. Although we can see that both Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories of mass reproduction and McLuhan’s findings on the perceptions of technological medias are still relevant and apply to the presentation of the global world that we now find ourselves deeply immersed in, other theorists have offered another approach, implying that Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories contained a fatalistic scepticism that was born of the early twentieth century western modernist perspective. For instance, concerned with the notion of technological expansion, mass culture and the effects of globalisation, contemporary cultural theorist Homi Bhabha engaged in a global perspective that aimed to critique the notion of mass reproduction and its over riding condition. Considering Kracauer and Benjamin’s conceptual analysis of the reproduction of the mass and observing the colonial effects placed upon other cultures, Bhabha positioned this dimension in the conemporary sense by emphasising that it also formed a part of the dichotomy of the mass. Having placed their theory of mass reproduction as one of global scepticism, that was bound by the cultural historicity of their western heritage as is represented by Baudrillard’s positioning of Disney Land as a producer of virtuality within the contemporary age, Bhabha then suggested a third way approach that stood outside of the virtual mass and could observe it organically, either as individual or as a community. Having positioned Kracauer and Benjamin’s theories as part of the dichotomy of the mass, Bhabha was then able to indicate that the essence of a true global perspective was born of organic community that could be found somewhere outside of the global mass; somewhere away from the ‘imaginary’ virtual debates of global inter-national territories and free of their dependencies upon linear and grand concepts of history and time elase (Bhabha, 1994). He suggested that the location of this else where was within the unbound psychology of the individual and not in the construct of their ideological positioning within the virtual time and space created by global media, technology and information. Engaging with Benjamin’s notion of time and space in this cultural reproduction, Bhabha reasoned that, ‘The temporality of negotiation or translation has two main advantages. First, it acknowledges the historical connectedness between the subject and object of critique so that there can be no simplistic, essentialist opposition between ideological misrecognition and revolutionary truth. The progressive reading is crucially determined by the adversarial or agonistic situation itself; it is effective because it uses the subversive, messy mask of camouflage and does not come like a pure avenging angel speaking the truth of a radical historicity and pure oppositionality. If one is aware of this heterogeneous emergence (not origin) of radical critique, then and this is my second point function of theory within the political process becomes double edged. It makes us aware that our political references and priorities the people, the community, class struggle, anti-racism, gender difference the assertion of an anti-imperialist, black or thir perspective are not there in some primord ial, naturalistic sense. They make sense [only] when they come to be constructed in the discourses of feminism, Marxism.’ (Bhabha, 1994, p.23) It is from this idea of mass, global communication and its accessible depictions of regionalism and linear time that Baudrillard states that there is a synchronism. This synchronism is understood by Baudrillard as the thing that is manipulated by Disneyland to enforce and reinforce an idea of what is real and what is not that as part of the process negates the actual experience of the object itself. Essentially for Baudrillard, through image Disneyland is set within an ideological and conceptual framework reinforced by mass imagery and perceived as being real rather than being virtual. Through the mass image, the reality of Disneyland appears to us as real as it accords to the simulated code that acts and has replaced our naturalised and cultured knowledge structures, without the real experience itself being captured within an experiential temporality. Therefore, it is through the ideology of image that we view the notion of Disneyland as being fixed and constant and not in a transie nt state of natural and ultural change as pertains to objects of the organic or civilised worlds. Essentially, it is through a display of established imagery that Disneyland can synchronise all the places and all the periods of the virtually known globe, and its many cultures, in a single a-temporal virtuality and replace any reality in the process. Bibliography Bakhtin, M., (1993) Toward a Philosophy of the Act. Ed. Vadim Liapunov and Michael Holquist. Trans. Vadim Liapunov. Austin: University of Texas Press Baudrillard, J., (1968) The System of Objects Taken from: The Order of Simulacra (1993) London: Sage. Baudrillard, J., (1976) Symbolic Exchange and Death Taken from: The Order of Simulacra (1993) London: Sage. Benjamin, W., (1935) The Work of Art in the Mechanical Age of Reproduction London: Harcourt. Bhabha, H., (1994) The Location of Culture New York: Routledge Kracauer, S., (1963) The Mass Ornament London: Harvard University Press. McLuhan, M., (1968) War and Peace in the Global Village Washington: Washington Post. Web Links Baudrillard, J., (1996) Disneyworld Company Paris: Liberation. Taken from: www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=158 Jean Baudrillard

Othello: Emilia’s Metamorphosis Essay -- Othello essays

Othello: Emilia’s Metamorphosis  Ã‚        Ã‚   In his tragic play Othello, Shakespeare endows the minor character Emilia with some important functions. Her character, which changes dramatically in several ways toward the finale of the play, is the topic of this essay.    A.C. Bradley, in his book of literary criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, defines the character of the ancient’s wife:    Few of Shakespeare’s minor characters are more distinct than Emilia, and towards few do our feelings change so much within the course of the play. Till close to the end she frequently sets one’s tooth on edge; and at the end one is ready to worship her. She nowhere shows any sign of having a bad heart; but she is common, sometimes vulgar, in minor matters far from scrupulous, blunt in perception and feeling, and quite destitute of imagination. She let Iago take the handkerchief though she knew how much its loss would distress Desdemona; and she said nothing about it though she saw that Othello was jealous. (222)    Emilia is not mentioned in the play until the initial furor of the first two scenes subsides. Brabantio’s rage, among other reasons, necessitate that Desdemona live with Iago and Emilia during the Moor’s campaign in Cyprus against the Turks. Later, while awaiting the arrival of Othello’s ship at the seaport of Cyprus, Emilia is sharing the company of her husband and Desdemona. She shows herself mentally unfit to fight off the verbal attacks of Iago, which are demeaning to her: â€Å"her tongue she oft bestows on me†; â€Å"chides with thinking†; â€Å"Bells in your parlors, wildcats in your kitchen / Saints in your injuries, devils being offended.† So Desdemona intervenes on Emilia’s behalf with: â€Å"O, fie upon thee, slanderer!† dir... ... with Cassio! (5.2)    Then she accuses him of causing murder: â€Å"And your reports have set the murder on.† Emilia is aware that she is violating social convention here: â€Å"’Tis proper I obey him, but not now.† This violation costs her dearly. Emilia’s stunning interrogation and conviction of her own husband as the evil mastermind behind the murder results in Iago’s killing her. She becomes a martyr for the cause of truth and justice. Quite suddenly she is transformed into a heroine of the play!    WORKS CITED    Bayley, John. Shakespeare and Tragedy. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1981.    Bradley, A. C.. Shakespearean Tragedy. New York: Penguin, 1991.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.      

Four Women in American Music History

American music history has grown an incredible amount in the last hundred years. Prior to that time, there were very few styles of music that originated in America. However, with the advent of jazz and related styles, American music culture was born. Blues is one of the early styles of music that is truly American, and there are many American artists who sang or performed in that style. In fact, blues is still popular today, although it has changed over time. Blues is an important and long-term American musical style, which has had many effects on musical culture from the early 1900s through today.Bessie Smith was an early blues singer. She was popular in the 1920s and 30s, and was known as much for her hard-drinking, rough life as much as her music. She sang about what she knew. Bessie was an African American woman who indulged in sex and alcohol, and had a strong temper. She never gave up without a fight, either in her music or her life. Getting into a fight with Bessie wasnâ€℠¢t something a person wanted to do, either, because she was over six feet tall and weighed about two hundred pounds. Bessie had a history of getting into fist fights with people, male or female.She also took off after her ex-husband with a gun when she found him cheating on her, after beating up his lover. However, Bessie herself was known for sleeping with a number of both men and women (Whitney). Musically, Bessie was not really trained. She could not read music, and relied on other musicians to write her songs down for her. She did write her own lyrics, though. She was a formidable presence on stage, able to sing loudly and strongly because of her size, and her tendency to sing in the range that was easiest for her.In writing her music, Bessie tended to modify existing melodies, and sometimes create new ones, so that they lay well in her â€Å"good† range (Whitney). Here is an example of Bessie’s lyrics, which show her feelings about life plainly: â€Å"I ain't no high yella, I'm a deep killer brown. /I ain't gonna marry, ain't gonna settle down. /I'm gonna drink good moonshine and rub these browns down. /See that long lonesome road, Lawd you know it's gonna end,/and I'm a good woman and I can get plenty men† (Whitney). Bessie was also known as something of a racist.While her fans were both black and white, she was rude to both whites and lighter-skinned blacks. Even at the height of her career, when she had enough money to live as she chose (even as a white person might, in the early 30s), she chose to stay on the streets and to live the life that was familiar to her. Her lyrics here show her thinking on this matter: â€Å"Mister rich man, rich man, open up your heart and mind,/Mister rich man, rich man, open up your heart and mind;/Give the poor man a chance, help stop these hard, hard times./While you're livin' in your mansion you don't know what hard times means, /While you're livin' in your mansion you don't know what hard times m eans; /Poor working man's wife is starving your wife is livin' like a queen† (Whitney). Ethel Waters is a blues singer who began performing later in Bessie’s career. While Bessie was primarily performing and well known during the 1920s, Ethel became better known in the 1930s (her career did officially begin in 1921, though). Ethel was specifically a different kind of blues singer than Bessie, and in fact was different from her in many ways.Ethel is also of African American decent, but she grew up in the North and was heavily influenced by white performers. When she began performing professionally, Ethel joined a group of blacks who called themselves â€Å"Cakewalk singers,† which was distinctly different from the more traditional blues singers, like Bessie (PBS). Ethel’s acceptance of whites can be traced to what was a very rough beginning for her. She was born when her mother was only 12. Her mother had been raped by a white man, John Waters. Ethel, then, is half-white, and carries her father’s surname.She was raised by her maternal grandmother in poverty, and began singing at age 5. Her beginnings are much more similar to Bessie’s, but what she did with herself later differs widely (Myers). Ethel worked with a number of famous jazz performers, including Duke Ellington. In addition to her singing career, Ethel was also an actress, an area of her life that eventually came to the forefront. Her singing style was not nearly as strong as Bessie’s, but she performed very theatrically and managed to capture the audience’s interest in all of her music.This came in handy, as she continued performing through the 1960s and 70s, working at that time with Billy Graham (PBS). Ultimately, Bessie’s influence on Ethel was very indirect. Both were jazz singers in a time when African Americans were first on the rise in popularity on the stage. Bessie’s grit may have given Ethel opportunities she might not hav e otherwise had. In many other ways, though, the two were very different; attitude, style, and more. Dinah Washington is another important singer in this chain of history.Her birth name was Ruth Jones, and she was born in 1924. She is significantly younger than both Ethel and Bessie, whose careers were near their peaks when she was born. Music was in Dinah’s family from the beginning. Her mother was a church pianist, and taught her to play at a young age. She was accompanying and touring by the time she was 16, and had already won prizes. However, although her initial roots were in the church, Dinah longed to work in secular music, namely jazz (Dahl).At age 19, Dinah got her big break, singing with Lionel Hampton’s Big Band, then one of the most popular music styles. By 1945, she was recording her own solo work for the Apollo label and Mercury records, and by 1948, she was on her way to major stardom. 1959 was her biggest year, when she sang â€Å"What a Dif’re nce a Day Makes† (Dahl). In her personal life, Dinah was similar to Bessie. She had many husbands, and she drank a lot. In fact, alcohol and drugs eventually killed her at the end of 1963 (Dahl). In addition, she also loved the finer things, including fur, clothes, and cars.Her personality was known as â€Å"feisty,† and she could be snapping one minute and generous the next (Cohodas). At first glance, Christina Aguilera doesn’t look much like the other stars. For one, she isn’t black. For another, she was born after all of the other singers had died. However, it is her roots and influences that she is similar to them. Like Dinah, she is biracial, with a mom who is Irish and a father who is Ecuadorian. Her father was in the military, which meant that Christina traveled a lot as a child (Biggest Stars).Also like the other singers, Christina was interested in singing and performing from the time she was a young girl. Her family was also musical, with her mot her performing on violin and piano professionally. Christina had a brief, two-year stint on The Mickey Mouse Club when she was a child, working with other singers who later became famous, like Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake (Biggest Stars). Christina’s initial music was definitely pop, with her first number one single titled â€Å"Genie in a Bottle. † The single topped both the U. S. and UK charts in 1999.For awhile longer, Christina continued in the pop genre, recording for the movie Mulan, and singing a new version of â€Å"Lady Marmalade† with several other female pop stars (Biggest Stars). Christina’s work eventually began to seem less significant to her, and she decided to record her 2002 album â€Å"Stripped. † The album was the first that really showed her background and influences. Her comments about this album: â€Å"Coming off of the height of being a part of such a big pop-craze phenomenon, that imagery of that cookie-cutter sweet heart, without it being me, I just had to take it all down and get it away from me.And that is why I actually named the album Stripped, because it is about being emotionally stripped down and pretty bare to open my soul and heart. † This album used many different influences, including soul, R&B, rock, hip-hop and Latin (Biggest Stars). Aguilera’s influences were similar to the earlier stars mentioned. She looked to soul and R&B, both of which are styles typically recorded by African Americans. The blues aspect of R&B, in particular, is interesting to note. Aguilera was following in the footsteps of the other female jazz singers with this style.Also, similar to Dinah Washington, Aguilera sang pop (Dinah did pop in addition to her jazz roots). In general, all four of these women have things in common, and things that are different. Each grew up under similar circumstances, often with mostly maternal influences. Most had some kind of musical background at home. Most grew u p poor, and all had an early talent for music and singing. Most also had a taste for sex, drugs, and some rougher things in life, and had a hard time at one point or another. However, each was unique.Bessie was certainly the biggest and most blunt of the group, while Christina stood of the opposite end as the â€Å"sweetheart† of pop for awhile. Christina was also different in that she was not of African American decent in any way, although Ethel was also half-white. Some of the singers, namely Dinah, had their start in gospel music, while others went straight for jazz or pop. Overall, it is interesting how strikingly similar the artists are, even though there are also very big differences in their lives and styles.Their stories and backgrounds are surprisingly similar in some respects, but very different in others. These four women are just some of the amazing performers from the rich tapestry that is American music history. Sources Burns, Ken. â€Å"Ethel Waters. † J azz. Accessed on December 4, 2007. Website: http://www. pbs. org/jazz/biography/artist_id_waters_ethel. htm. â€Å"Christina Aguilera Biography. † Biggest Stars. Accessed December 4, 2007. Website: http://www. biggeststars. com/c/christina-aguilera-biography. html. Cohodas, Nadine (2004).Queen: The Life and Music of Dinah Washington. Accessed December 4, 2007. Website: http://www. dinahthequeen. com/. Dahl, Bill. â€Å"Dinah Washington. † Accessed December 4, 2007. Website: http://www. vervemusicgroup. com/dinahwashington. Myers, Aaron. â€Å"Ethel Waters. † Accessed December 4, 2007. Website: http://www. wntb. com/blackachievers/ethlwaters/. Whitney, Ross (1995). â€Å"Reflections Of 1920's And 30's Street Life In The Music Of Bessie Smith. † Accessed December 4, 2007. Website: http://bluesnet. hub. org/readings/bessie. html.

Earth’s hydrologic cycle Essay

The chemical quality of precipitation in the earth’s hydrologic cycle is significantly altered upon contact with the forest canopy. These chemical changes are traceable to natural biological processes and from polluted airsheds which affects precipitation chemistry. What happens to the water when it reaches solid earth shall be viewed by the chemical changes that occur on the different stages of the hydrologic cycle. Earth’s hydrologic cycle Hydrologic cycle is the process where water moves from and to the earth through the atmosphere over time and space scales powered mainly by the solar energy and gravity. Solar energy drives the evaporation process effectively transforming water from liquid to gas which results to cloud formation through saturation (Davie & Davie 2002). The degree of equilibrium then is the maximum point of saturation in any mixed atmosphere of vapor and air. When the air cools below the dew point, condensation of water vapor begins. The air at higher altitude is less dense producing lesser heat and lesser air pressure giving out cooler air. Condensation is the process through which water vapor changes to its liquid state again in the form of dew, smoke or fog. Precipitation occurs when clouds can no longer hold the heavy water vapor and it falls back to the earth in the form rain or snow and other forms. The distribution of precipitation on earth depends on the patterns of rising and falling air currents. Precipitation fills oceans, river, vegetation, land and other surfaces. Part of the water reaching the ground surface is highly dependent on turbulent transport from the atmosphere to the canopy on its composition, structure and properties. Rainwater picks up dust particles, plant seeds, bacteria, dissolved gases and ionizing radiation as it falls. It also accumulates with chemical substances like sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia upon hitting the ground. Aerosols, pesticides and fertilizers, sewage and industrial wastes which were introduced into the ground also mix with the infiltrating ground water. If precipitation continues, complete saturation of the soil zone occurs. This allows the water to continue to descend until it merges into a zone of dense rock. Density is directly proportional on its ability to allow penetration of water. Around these rocks are unsaturated and permeable materials called gravel, shale or sand. The boundary between the unsaturated and the water bearing rocks is defined as the water table. Water table could be hundreds of meters below the water surface where sometimes water rises without pumping in the form of springs. Drilling an artesian well will cause the water to gush to the surface until the pressure is equalized. Pumping may be necessary to lift water to the surface. Ground water is largest source of fresh water but is very difficult to track. Ground water well is good if the aquifer water level that supplies it stays the same. Cone of depression occurs when ground water is pumped from an aquifer through a well lowering its water level (Strobel n. d. ). A gradient then occurs producing a flow from the surrounding aquifer into the well decreasing water levels around the well. This results in a conical shaped depression that seems to radiate away from the well continuously expanding in a radial fashion until a point of equilibrium occurs. This plays an important role when planning well placements and deciding pumping rates including distances between wells. References Davie, T. & Davie, T. (2002). Fundamentals of hydrology. New York, NY: Routledge. Strobel, M. (n. d. ). Let’s talk water – cone of depression. Retrieved April 28, 2008 Website: http://nevada. usgs. gov/barcass/articles/Ely27. pdf